Parts of Speech

Definition of Parts of Speech

Parts of speech refer to the basic categories into which words are classified based on their grammatical function in a sentence.

In sentences, we use different words. Not all words mean the same. For example,

• Rahim is a good boy who loves his younger brother very much. ( _ A good boy who loves his younger brother very much.

In the sentence Rahim, is, a, boy, good, who loves younger, very, each word is different and each of them conveys a different meaning.

Because we use words that express these different meanings, we can forget to express many different feelings in a single sentence. Then it is necessary to know the classification of English words according to meaning.

To help you read and get a rough idea together, below is a very brief classification according to the meaning of the English word. But before that, know that speech is made up of these words, each of them is a part of the speech. And that’s why they are called Parts of Speech.

• Classification & Examples of Parts of Speech

Here is a classification of the eight traditional parts of speech with examples:

1. Nouns: words that refer to people, places, things, or ideas. Example: “book,” “dog,” “beauty,” “New York”

• Name of human: Rahim, Jerry, Tom, Khuku.
• Name of object: book, calculator, bamboo.
• Name of place: Dhaka, Bhanderkote, Khulna, Comilla, Ind America.
• Name of action: hesitation, purification, function
• Nouns: words that refer to people, places, things, or ideas. Example: “book,” “dog,” “beauty,” “New York”

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2. Pronouns: words that take the place of nouns. Example: “he,” “she,” “it,” “they,” “you”

Shuman is a good boy. He goes to school every day. He abides by his parents’ orders. He is a pronoun.

3. Verbs: words that express an action or state of being. Example: “run,” “jump,” “think,” “be,” “exist”

4. Adjectives: words that describe or modify nouns or pronouns. Example: “blue,” “happy,” “big,” “tall,” “delicious”

Examples:  

• Rahim is a good boy.
• She is a beautiful girl.
• Jasmine wears a blue skirt.

5. Adverbs: words that describe or modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. Examples: “quickly,” “happily,” “very,” “too,” “extremely”

• He runs swiftly—here swiftly is the adverb. But if I write—
• He runs very swiftly, then another adverb is found before swiftly. very is that adverb.

6. Prepositions: words that show the relationship between nouns or pronouns and other words in a sentence. Example: “in,” “on,” “at,” “by,” “with”

7. Conjunctions: words that connect words, phrases, or clauses in a sentence. Example: “and,” “or,” “but,” “because,” “although”

• He is poor and
• He is honest

The two sentences can be combined as follows:

• He is poor but honest.

In this case, but is a conjunction.

8. Interjections: words or phrases that express strong emotion or surprise. Example: “Wow,” “Ouch,” “Oh,” “Hey,” “Alas”

• Fie! You are a thief.
• Hello! Where are you going?
• Hurrah! We have won the game.
• Hush! The Headmaster comes.

Note that some words can be used as different parts of speech, depending on their function in a sentence. For example, “run” can be a verb (“I run every day”) or a noun (“I had a run in my stockings”).

Exercise:

1. The cat sat lazily on the mat. (The, cat, sat, lazily, on, the, mat – articles, noun, verb, adverb, preposition, article, noun)
2. I enjoy reading fascinating books. (I, enjoy, reading, fascinating, books – pronoun, verb, gerund, adjective, noun)
3. She quickly ran towards the finish line. (She, quickly, ran, towards, the, finish line – pronoun, adverb, verb, preposition, article, noun)
4. The tall trees swayed in the wind. (The, tall, trees, swayed, in, the, wind – article, adjective, noun, verb, preposition, article, noun)
5. John and Sarah danced gracefully on the stage. (John, and, Sarah, danced, gracefully, on, the, stage – proper noun, conjunction, proper noun, verb, adverb, preposition, article, noun)
6. My sister’s dog barks loudly at strangers. (My, sister’s, dog, barks, loudly, at, strangers – possessive pronoun, possessive noun, noun, verb, adverb, preposition, noun)
7. The old man walked slowly along the beach. (The, old, man, walked, slowly, along, the, beach – article, adjective, noun, verb, adverb, preposition, article, noun)
8. The delicious aroma of freshly baked bread filled the air. (The, delicious, aroma, of, freshly, baked, bread, filled, the, air – article, adjective, noun, preposition, adverb, verb, noun, verb, article, noun)
9. They eagerly awaited the arrival of their guests. (They, eagerly, awaited, the, arrival, of, their, guests – pronoun, adverb, verb, article, noun, preposition, possessive adjective, noun)
10. The bright sun shone through the window. (The, bright, sun, shone, through, the, window – article, adjective, noun, verb, preposition, article, noun)
11. I enjoy playing soccer with my friends. (I, enjoy, playing, soccer, with, my, friends – pronoun, verb, gerund, noun, preposition, possessive adjective, noun)
12. The black cat stealthily crept along the wall. (The, black, cat, stealthily, crept, along, the, wall – article, adjective, noun, adverb, verb, preposition, article, noun)
13. She eagerly opened the gift box. (She, eagerly, opened, the, gift, box – pronoun, adverb, verb, article, noun, noun)
14. The baby giggled happily in her mother’s arms. (The, baby, giggled, happily, in, her, mother’s, arms – article, noun, verb, adverb, preposition, possessive pronoun, possessive noun, noun)
15. I want to learn a new language. (I, want, to, learn, a, new, language – pronoun, verb, infinitive marker, verb, article, adjective, noun)
16. The old lady wore a beautiful red dress. (The, old, lady, wore, a, beautiful, red, dress – article, adjective, noun, verb, article, adjective, adjective, noun)
17. He plays the piano with great skill. (He, plays, the, piano, with, great, skill – pronoun, verb, article, noun, preposition, adjective, noun)
18. The students eagerly participated in the science experiment. (The, students, eagerly, participated, in, the, science, experiment – article, noun, adverb, verb, preposition, article, noun, noun)
19. The loud thunder scared the small children. (The, loud, thunder, scared, the, small, children – article, adjective, noun, verb, article, adjective, noun)
20. We went hiking in the beautiful mountains. (We, went, hiking, in, the, beautiful, mountains – pronoun, verb, gerund, preposition, article, adjective, noun)

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CSTC is conveniently located at 19, Indira Road, Manshi Plaza, 2nd Floor, Farmgate, Dhaka 1215, making it easily accessible for students, job seekers, job holders, and others in Dhaka. The center offers comprehensive computer training tailored to meet the needs of a diverse group of learners, ensuring that everyone can gain essential computer skills.

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Yes, CSTC is recognized as an institution affiliated with the Board of Technical Education. This recognition means that CSTC offers government-certified courses, and students who complete the 6-month computer course receive an official certificate. This certificate is valuable for government, private, police, and administrative jobs.

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The courses are designed for a wide range of individuals, including students, job seekers, job holders, bankers, Hafez, Imams, Madrasa students, and unemployed youth and women. CSTC offers flexible batch timings and separate seating arrangements for women, ensuring a comfortable learning environment for everyone.

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CSTC’s online course on computer office applications is ideal for those who prefer to learn from home or cannot attend in-person classes. The course is designed to be as comprehensive and interactive as possible, providing learners with the skills they need to excel in their careers. The online course covers the same material as the in-person course, ensuring that students receive a high-quality education regardless of their location.

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Upon successful completion of the 6-month course, you will receive a certificate from the Board of Technical Education. This certificate is essential for various job applications, including government, private, police, administrative, and bank jobs.

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In addition to the standard computer office applications, CSTC offers training in Power BI, a new interactive data visualization software. This software is essential for business intelligence, and proficiency in Power BI can give you a significant advantage in the job market. CSTC also provides resources for freelancing work, allowing you to apply your skills in the online marketplace.

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You can enroll in a course at CSTC by visiting their location at Farmgate, Dhaka, or by contacting them via phone at 01977957783 (WhatsApp available). You can also reach out to CSTC through their Facebook profile BDCSTC for more details.

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• Government-recognized certification: Essential for job applications.
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